Demand for minerals is increasing world wide as the population increases and the consumption demands of individual people increase. Fuel minerals like coal, oil and natural gas have been given prime importance as they account for nearly 87% of the value of mineral production whereas metallic and non-metallic constitutes 6 to 7%.
As the industrialized nations of the world continue the rapid depletion of energy and mineral resources, and resource-rich less-developed nations become increasingly aware of the value of their raw materials, resource driven conflicts will increase. We are now reaching limits of reserves for many minerals. 4. Early Paleolithic man found flint for arrowheads and clay for pottery before developing codes for warfare. On an average the percentage composition of the common product with their number of carbon atoms is given in table 2.4.
Minerals serve as the backbone for economic and infrastructural development of the country.1. Like other natural resources, mineral deposits are unevenly distributed around on the earth. The pressure of human growth upon the planet’s resources is a very real problem. Building material and stone: Limestone, marble, sandstone etc.1. All of the Earth’s crust, except the rather small proportion of the crust that contains organic material, is made up of minerals. Used for generation of energy mainly Coal, petroleum and natural gas. Every segment of society uses minerals and mineral resources everyday. Human wealth basically comes from agriculture, manufacturing, and mineral resources. Minerals provide the material used to make most of the things of industrial- based society; roads, cars, computers, fertilizers, etc. Recovery of mineral resources has been with us for a long time. The use of the mineral depends on its properties. Minerals are valuable natural resources being finite and non-renewable.
Tin and copper mines were necessary for a Bronze Age; gold, silver, and gemstones adorned the wealthy of early civilizations; and iron mining introduced a new age of man.
If we could maintain our mining rate of 400 tonnes per year then the coal reserves might last for about 200 years taking proven reserves as 80 billion tonnes. A mineral is a pure inorganic substancethat occurs naturally in the earth’s crust. It is believed that petroleum has been formed over a period of millions of years, through conversion of remains of micro organisms living in sea, into hydrocarbon by heat, pressure and catalytic action. Some countries are rich in mineral deposits and other countries have no deposits. Mineral resources are non-renewable and include metals (e.g.
Copper is used in the manufacture of electrical wire, copper pipes for water, copper cookware, and in the computer… Mineral resources are useful and natural materials for making valuable goods; these resources play an important role in our economic sector, majority of the countries in the world solely depend on mineral resources for their economic growth and development.
Used in construction of buildings, bridges and housing settlement. The proven reserve for natural gas on April 1993 works out to be approx.
Some of the common products obtained on fractional distillation are given in Table 2.4, along with the temperature (just below the boiling point) at which they tend to liquefy after crude oil feed at the base is heated to about 400°C. The population growth continues upward and the supply of resources continues to diminish.
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