The eruptions of 1958-59 caused most of the islanders to evacuate for a year or more. 1992. Caulfield and others (2011, 2012) include helpful aerial and cross-section sketches of the volcano's various geologic features.Caulfield, J. T., Turner, S. P., Smith, I. E. M., Cooper, L. B., & Jenner, G. A., 2012, Magma evolution in the primitive, intra-oceanic Tonga arc: petrogenesis of basaltic andesites at Tofua volcano. When we got to the summit we set up camp again on a volcanic type surface which was really strange and nothing like I had seen before. Lofia has a summit crater 70 m in diameter with vertical inner walls, which was completely filled by dense brownish-blue SOOn calm days the plume from Lofia rose above the caldera rim and was visible from nearby islands and to passing ships; more commonly it dispersed in the wind before passing the caldera rim. We leave them off the map because they are not real hot-spots. Different degrees of vegetation on each flow suggest a recurrence interval of about 50 years, and the youngest may have been emplaced during the 1958-60 eruptions. Start This article has been rated as Start-Class on the project's quality scale. Allertonia 2:323-353.Whister, W.A. 1197-1230.Caulfield, J. T., Blichert-Toft, J., Albarède, F., & Turner, S. P., 2015, Corrigendum to 'Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Petrogenesis of Basaltic Andesites at Tofua Volcano'and 'Magma Evolution in the Primitive, Intra-oceanic Tonga Arc: Rapid Petrogenesis of Dacites at Fonualei Volcano, Journal of Petrology, v. 56(3), pp. The summit contains a 5-km-wide caldera whose walls drop steeply about 500 m. Three post-caldera cones were constructed at the northern end of a cold fresh-water caldera lake, whose surface lies only 30 m above sea level. Endemic Bird Areas of the World: Priorities for biodiversity conservation. 1998. They also observed that pumice stones were scattered all along the beach at Uanukuhahaki.Tim Worthington (Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel) notes that the activity seen on 1 August 2000 is the normal state of Tofua.
Tofua Island is situated in the Tonga archipelago, in the south pacific, a 6 day journey from Switzerland. Anderson. Tofua ist eine Vulkaninsel in der Haʻapai-Gruppe der Tonga-Inseln und liegt im Pazifischen Ozean. Only uninhabited and steep volcanic islands, such as the islands of Late and Tofua, still support large areas of forest.Tropical moist forest is usually subdivided between lowland broadleaf rain forest below 500 m and a subtropical rain forest above 500 m. Lowland broadleaf rain forest, with a canopy to 30 m is dominated by Diospyros spp., Rhus taitensis, Alphitonia zizyphoides, Calophyllum neo-ebudicum, Elattostachys falcata, Litsea mellifera, Pisonia grandis, Pittosporum arborescens, Garuga floribunda, Ficus obliqua, Pleiogynium timoriense, Cryptocarya turbinata, and Maniltoa grandiflora (Sykes 1981, Whistler 1992).
This article is within the scope of WikiProject Volcanoes, a collaborative effort to improve the coverage of volcanoes, volcanology, igneous petrology, and related subjects on Wikipedia. "The last field in the MODVOLC text alert file is a sunglint vector.
Vegetation of the Tropical Pacific Islands. New species and records of birds (Aves: Megapodiidae, Columbidae) from an archaeological site on Lifuka, Tonga (South Pacific Ocean). The work involved detailed lithological mapping of the island, with specific focus on the N side. Anthropogenic pressure has resulted in extensive modification of all ecosystems on the limestone islands of this group. Tofua Island from Mapcarta, the free map. Lawry W, 1850.
One or more of those cones was steaming in a 1990 image. GLENN R. BAUER2 ABSTRACT: Tofua Island is an oval, steep-sided composite volcano, 5 miles by 6 miles in diameter, the summit of which has collapsed to form a caldera. Within the caldera, Lofia cone is still active. (Elijah Hoole, ed.) Geology, petrography, and geochemistry of the volcanic islands of Tonga. Pacific Science 52:14-34.Sykes, W.R. 1981. Bird Conservation International 5:117-128.Jenkins, J.A.F. Ang labing taas nga punto sa pulo mao ang 508 metros ibabaw sa dagat nga lebel. We leave them in the text alert file because our 12 degree threshold errs on the side of caution, and other workers may want to use a less restrictive threshold." There is data available for 11 Holocene eruptive periods.There is no Deformation History data available for Tofua.There is no Emissions History data available for Tofua.The maps shown below have been scanned from the GVP map archives and include the volcano on this page. Tofua volcano is the subaerial part of a large frequently active stratovolcano. The fumarolically active crater of Lofia has a flat floor formed by a ponded lava flow.The following references have all been used during the compilation of data for this volcano, it is not a comprehensive bibliography.Bauer G R, 1970. Tofua Island is an island in Tonga. New Zealand Journal of Botany, March 1996, 34(N1): 65-77.Gill, B J. The island of 'Eua is believed to be a fragment of the ancient Gondwanaland supercontinent and may harbor ancient taxa.
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